WETFLAG Calculator | Paediatric Emergency Tool

When a child is acutely unwell, the hardest part is not remembering the acronym, it is getting safe weight-based values quickly without adding pressure to an already stressful situation.

This WETFLAG calculator instantly generates paediatric emergency values (Weight, Energy, Tube, Fluids, Lorazepam, Adrenaline, Glucose) using established UK formulas. It allows known weight overrides, dual tube sizing, and toggleable formula breakdowns.

WETFLAG Calculator

Clinical support tool only. Always confirm doses, equipment sizes, and local Trust guidance before use in patient care. Do not use as a substitute for senior clinical judgement, APLS, or EPALS.
Input values changed. Please click Calculate again to update results.
W Weight
-- kg
Estimated based on age
Formula:
E Energy (Defibrillation)
-- J
Start with 4 Joules / kg. Synchronise for cardioversion if indicated.
Formula: 4 J × weight (kg)
T Tube (Endotracheal)
Cuffed Tube ID:
--
Uncuffed Tube ID:
--
Oral Length: -- cm
Nasal Length: -- cm
Equipment Prep: Have one size smaller (--) and one size larger (--) ready. Note: cuffed tubes are increasingly preferred in UK practice.
Formula: Uncuffed (Age/4 + 4), Cuffed (Age/4 + 3.5), Oral (Age/2 + 12), Nasal (Age/2 + 15). Note: standard formulas apply >1 yr.
F Fluids
-- ml
-- Bolus
Reassess ABC after every bolus. Stop if signs of fluid overload occur.
Formula:
L Lorazepam
-- mg
Max single dose usually 4mg. Verify with local protocols. Slower IV administration preferred.
Formula: 0.1 mg × weight (kg)
A Adrenaline (1:10,000)
-- ml
(-- mcg)
Use 1:10,000 concentration for IV/IO resuscitation.
Formula: 0.1 ml/kg of 1:10,000 (Equivalent to 10 micrograms/kg)
G Glucose (10%)
-- ml
Verify local guidelines for max volume limits. Recheck blood glucose frequently.
Formula: 2 ml/kg of 10% Glucose

What Is a WETFLAG Calculator?

A WETFLAG calculator is a vital paediatric emergency tool used by clinicians, GP trainees, and emergency care staff in the UK. The acronym WETFLAG stands for Weight, Energy, Tube, Fluids, Lorazepam, Adrenaline, and Glucose. Our tool automates the standard APLS/EPALS formulas required during resuscitation, saving critical time and reducing the risk of cognitive overload and calculation errors.

How to Use This WETFLAG Calculator

  • Step 1: Enter the patient's age. Use the dropdown to toggle between months and years for infants.
  • Step 2: Select "Known weight" if you have a recent, accurate measurement. Otherwise, leave it as "Estimate from age".
  • Step 3: Choose your fluid context. Select 20ml/kg for standard medical shock or 10ml/kg for trauma/cautious boluses.
  • Step 4: Click "Calculate WETFLAG" for immediate, screen-friendly results. Use "Big Display Mode" if viewing from across the resuscitation bay.

What Each WETFLAG Result Means

Weight

All emergency interventions scale based on weight. If a known weight is unavailable, the calculator estimates it using standard formulas. In children under 1 year, weight increases rapidly, so inputting exact months provides a more accurate estimate.

Energy

Energy denotes the defibrillation shock strength in Joules (J). The standard dose is 4 Joules per kilogram. Always ensure you are familiar with your specific defibrillator model and pad sizes.

Tube (Endotracheal)

Calculates the Internal Diameter (ID) for cuffed and uncuffed tubes, as well as depth markers for oral and nasal placement. Modern UK practice increasingly favours cuffed tubes, even in younger children, to ensure reliable ventilation and protect the airway. Always prepare one size larger and smaller.

Fluids

Provides the total volume of crystalloid bolus. Medical resuscitation typically requires 20ml/kg. For trauma or conditions requiring caution (such as DKA or cardiac failure), the bolus is reduced to 10ml/kg to prevent complications.

Lorazepam

The standard first-line IV/IO medication for status epilepticus. The dose is strictly weight-based (0.1mg/kg), but you must be aware of local maximum dose caps (often 4mg).

Adrenaline

For cardiac arrest, 1:10,000 Adrenaline is used intravenously or intraosseously. The dose is 10 micrograms per kilogram, which translates to 0.1ml/kg of the 1:10,000 solution.

Glucose

Required for severe hypoglycaemia. Standard treatment in paediatric emergencies is a rapid infusion of 10% Glucose at 2ml/kg.

WETFLAG Formula Table

Parameter Standard UK Formula Unit
Weight (< 12 months) (0.5 × age in months) + 4 kg
Weight (1 - 5 years) (2 × age in years) + 8 kg
Weight (6 - 12 years) (3 × age in years) + 7 kg
Energy 4 × Weight Joules
Tube (Cuffed) (Age in years / 4) + 3.5 mm ID
Tube (Uncuffed) (Age in years / 4) + 4 mm ID
Fluids (Medical) 20 × Weight ml
Lorazepam 0.1 × Weight mg
Adrenaline (1:10k) 0.1 × Weight ml
Glucose (10%) 2 × Weight ml

Note: Some localities still teach the weight formula (Age + 4) × 2 for children over 1 year. The formulas above align with widely accepted contemporary UK guidance. Validate against your NHS Trust.

WWeight estimation
EEnergy (Joules)
TTube sizing
FFluid bolus volumes
LLorazepam dose
AAdrenaline (1:10,000) dose
GGlucose (10%) volume

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Ignoring Known Weight: Always use an actual recently recorded weight if available, as estimations can be highly inaccurate.
  • Failing to Recalculate: If the patient's age or weight input is updated during preparation, you must recalculate all values immediately.
  • Unit Confusion: Be incredibly careful not to mix up milligrams (mg) and millilitres (ml) or administer the wrong concentration of adrenaline (1:1,000 instead of 1:10,000).
  • Overlooking Local Protocols: This tool does not override your local NHS Trust policies or specific consultant directives.
  • Blind Trust in Formulas: Assuming one weight algorithm fits every biological variation perfectly is dangerous. Look at the child.

When You Should Use Extra Caution

Emergency calculators require clinical sense. Exercise heightened monitoring and caution in these scenarios:

  • Infants under 12 months: Rapid physiological shifts occur in neonates and young infants.
  • Extreme Body Habitus: Very small or obese children may require adjusted dosing strategies.
  • Systemic Conditions: Trauma, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), and known congenital cardiac anomalies often require vastly different, highly constrained fluid management.

FAQs

What does WETFLAG stand for?
WETFLAG stands for Weight, Energy, Tube, Fluids, Lorazepam, Adrenaline, and Glucose. It is an acronym used in paediatric resuscitation to ensure correct dosing and equipment sizing.
Who uses a WETFLAG calculator?
It is primarily used by doctors, nurses, paramedics, GP trainees, paediatricians, and medical students who provide emergency care to children.
Is this calculator only for the UK?
While the core medications are universal, the specific formulas applied here (like the weight estimation rules) strongly align with widely taught UK guidance (e.g., APLS, Resuscitation Council UK).
Can I use known weight instead of estimated weight?
Yes. Using a known, recent weight is always preferred and much safer than relying purely on age-based estimation formulas.
Why does the calculator show formula breakdowns?
Showing formulas builds trust, provides transparency, and acts as an educational aid for learners cross-checking their own mental mathematics.
What is the difference between medical and trauma fluid bolus?
Medical shock typically starts with a 20ml/kg bolus. Trauma and conditions requiring caution limit the initial bolus to 10ml/kg to prevent complications like dilutional coagulopathy or fluid overload.
Does this replace APLS or EPALS guidance?
No. This is exclusively an educational and clinical support tool. It does not replace certified training, senior clinical judgement, or established guidelines.
Why should I check local NHS Trust guidance?
Different Trusts may stock different concentrations of medications or adopt updated guidelines before they reflect in general practice. Local guidelines supersede external tools.
Can medical students use this for learning?
Absolutely. Simulating cases with the calculator is an excellent way for trainees and students to familiarise themselves with paediatric emergency magnitudes.
How accurate is estimated weight?
Estimated weights are populated via statistical averages and routinely under or overestimate actual weight, especially in populations with rising childhood obesity. Look at the patient visually to confirm if the output makes sense.